Transcript - Press Conference: Joe Biden Holds a Press Conference at COP26 in Glasgow - November 2, 2021 | Factba.se

Joe Biden

00:00:00 - 00:00:34 ()

Good evening, everyone. Well, we're preparing to wrap up another busy day in Scotland. I think we got a lot done. We've had a lot of good, substantive meetings, and -- with my fellow leaders. And most of all, it was critically important for the United States to be here at COP26, back in the Paris Agreement, raising domestic climate ambitions and demonstrating a commitment to support the rest of the world, particularly those countries that are on the frontlines of the climate crisis.

Joe Biden

00:00:34 - 00:00:47 ()

Today -- today, I spoke to leaders of forested nations, island nations, developing countries. And my message to them was: The United States is going to be their partner as we meet this climate crisis.

Joe Biden

00:00:47 - 00:01:07 ()

And I want to thank the United Kingdom and Prime Minister Johnson for hosting us -- hosting the world at a critical moment, as well as -- I met with Prince Charles, who's put together a very significant operation over the last six, seven years of trying to bring in the private sector into -- to work on a number of these issues.

Joe Biden

00:01:07 - 00:01:22 ()

Glasgow must start -- be the start, as I -- you're tired of hearing me say it -- but a decisive decade of action so we can keep a limit of 1.5 degrees within the reach of us and the rest of the world.

Joe Biden

00:01:22 - 00:01:42 ()

And we have to keep accelerating our progress. Today's agreement by more than 100 countries, representing 85 percent of the world's forests, to halt and reverse deforestation by 2030 is a great example -- a great example of the kind of ambition we need. And the United States is proud -- proud to have initiated and supported it.

Joe Biden

00:01:42 - 00:02:01 ()

For our part, the United States is going to keep raising the ambition and delivering the goal that we are reducing U.S. emissions by 50 to 52 percent, as Secretary Kerry has talked about, from the 2005 levels by 2030. This decade, we have to make significant progress.

Joe Biden

00:02:01 - 00:02:10 ()

And, by the way, I might note parenthetically: I can't think of any two days where more has been accomplished dealing with climate than these two days.

Joe Biden

00:02:10 - 00:02:28 ()

Overall, in the past two days, I've announced a series of initiatives that are going to make sure we hit the target of including, today, two new rules to reduce methane losses of new and existing oil and gas operations and from natural gas pipelines.

Joe Biden

00:02:28 - 00:02:52 ()

Thanks to the effort of -- our joint effort with the EU, we've grown the Global Methane Pledge -- you remember, I raised it when I spoke to the United Nations -- from 9 countries signing on to that pledge in September at the United Nations to more than 100 countries have signed on. It's about half the world's methane emissions, 70 percent of the world's global GDP.

Joe Biden

00:02:52 - 00:03:05 ()

We've made commitments to promote climate-smart agriculture, spur innovation, catalyze private finance to clean -- for a clean economy, and to drive high-standard, clean climate-resilient infrastructure through the Build Back Better initiative.

Joe Biden

00:03:05 - 00:03:24 ()

We had a great meeting today, where we sat and talked about the whole focus of my Build Back Better initiative, which is adopted by the -- by the G7 -- was that everything should be focused on -- as we help with the infrastructure of the rest of the world, which needs it badly -- focused on climate. Climate.

Joe Biden

00:03:24 - 00:03:43 ()

The example is: If you build an oil well, if you -- excuse me -- if you build a gas or oil refinery, you're going to have that for next 30 years. Well, why not invest now if we're going provide for the help for nations in -- in solar capacity or wind capacity?

Joe Biden

00:03:43 - 00:04:01 ()

So, the point is: Although the -- we also brought through the -- the new President's Emergency Plan for Adaptation and Resilience. We called it -- I'm getting tired of acronyms, I have to admit to you, but it's called "PREPARE." We're going to support climate adaptation efforts to more than a half a billion people worldwide.

Joe Biden

00:04:01 - 00:04:10 ()

We also released our overall long-term strategy that outlines how we'll get to net zero –- net zero emissions by 2050.

Joe Biden

00:04:10 - 00:04:34 ()

You know, we know that this is -- this must be a whole-of-society effort. And I also want to thank the representatives from the private sector and from labor and philanthropies, civil societies, who are dedicating themselves to the climate action efforts we're all making here. That leadership -- together with action by state, local, and Tribal governments -- has been essential in the United States.

Joe Biden

00:04:34 - 00:04:45 ()

That's why, despite the previous administration's pulling us out of the Paris Agreement and refusing even to acknowledge there was a climate crisis, we still brought down emissions during that period.

Joe Biden

00:04:45 - 00:04:55 ()

I also want to acknowledge the passion and power of the young people and the activists who are doing such vital work to remind us of our moral obligation to future generations.

Joe Biden

00:04:55 - 00:05:13 ()

But, look, as I said yesterday, it's not just a moral imperative; it's an economic imperative as well. Investing in our clean energy future is an enormous opportunity -- enormous opportunity for every country to create good-paying jobs and spur a broad-based economic recovery.

Joe Biden

00:05:13 - 00:05:24 ()

As I've said -- you've heard me say it before to my colleagues as well: When I think of climate crisis, I think of jobs. And that's what the Build Back Better framework will do for the American people.

Joe Biden

00:05:24 - 00:05:34 ()

It's going to bring historic investment in clean energy addressing the climate crisis. It's going to cut greenhouse gas emissions by well over a gigaton by 2030.

Joe Biden

00:05:34 - 00:05:43 ()

It's going to save consumers money in their energy bills and -- with tax credits for things like installing solar panels and weatherization of their homes.

Joe Biden

00:05:43 - 00:05:52 ()

It's also going to provide manufacturing credits to make sure the United States is competing in energy markets of the future, like solar panels and wind turbines.

Joe Biden

00:05:52 - 00:06:00 ()

And it's also going to accelerate electric vehicles and electric school buses and build a nationwide network of 500,000 charging stations to power them.

Joe Biden

00:06:00 - 00:06:14 ()

It's about jobs. It's about competitiveness versus complacency. It's about making the world safer, cleaner, healthier -- a place for our children, and children all around the world, to look to the future in a way that they can't now.

Joe Biden

00:06:14 - 00:06:20 ()

I -- and so, there's so many other things that have happened today that I feel good about.

Joe Biden

00:06:20 - 00:06:29 ()

But let me start, if you will, by -- I'll be happy to take your -- your questions.

Joe Biden

00:06:29 - 00:06:36 ()

Phil, you got a question? I watch you on TV a lot.

Question

00:06:36 - 00:06:48 ()

Thank you very much, Mr. President. You noted your disappointment with Chinese actions on climate in Rome and also the lack of willingness for Chinese President Xi Jinping to show up at either the G20 or COP26.

Question

00:06:48 - 00:07:16 ()

But I wanted to ask more broadly: When you assess where things stand right now in U.S.-China relationships after your first 10 months in office -- your diplomats have had difficulty engaging in a substantive manner with some of their counterparts; you have a Chinese military that has tested a hypersonic missile this summer, it is building its nuclear capability -- what is your general assessment of where things stand? And are you concerned that the potential for armed conflict has grown over the course of your first 10 months in office?

Joe Biden

00:07:16 - 00:07:32 ()

Well, let me start off by addressing the first part of -- not the question, the statement. And that is that I indicated that China and Russia not showing up -- and Saudi Arabia -- was a problem. We showed up. We showed up.

Joe Biden

00:07:32 - 00:07:41 ()

And by showing up, we've had a profound impact on the way I think the rest of the world is looking at the United States and its leadership role.

Joe Biden

00:07:41 - 00:08:04 ()

I think it's been a big mistake, quite frankly, for China -- with respect to China not showing up. The rest of the world is going to look to China and say, "What value added are they providing?" And they've lost an ability to influence people around the world and all the people here at COP -- the same way, I would argue, with regard to Russia.

Joe Biden

00:08:04 - 00:08:51 ()

With regard to the more profound question about am I worried about an armed conflict or some -- that accidentally occurring with China: No, I'm not. But I have had, as I've said before -- and I think we've talked about this, Phil, but I may be mistaken -- that I think, as I've said, I look at China -- and I've had hours of conversations with Xi Jinping, both in person when I was Vice President and since I've been President, at least five or six hours' worth of conversations on the telephone, and I'm going to be having a virtual summit with him -- I've made it clear: This does -- this is competition; it does not have to be conflict. There is no reason there needs to be conflict.

Joe Biden

00:08:51 - 00:09:06 ()

But I've also indicated to him, and I've -- so I don't -- I'm not reluctant to say it publicly -- that we expect him to play by the rules of the road. We're not going to change our attitude toward what constitutes international airspace, international sea lanes, et cetera.

Joe Biden

00:09:06 - 00:09:34 ()

We also have made it clear that we have to work on dealing with things like cybersecurity and a whole range of other issues. But I -- I'm not looking for, I don't anticipate there will be a need for -- to be -- there be physical conflict. But, you know, as you've heard me say this before -- my dad had an expression. He'd say, "The only conflict worse than the one that's intended is one that's unintended" -- one that's unintended.

Joe Biden

00:09:34 - 00:09:50 ()

And so, in my meetings with him virtually coming up -- we haven't set the exact date yet -- I want to make sure there's no misunderstanding. It's competition, not conflict. And so, there's no -- no unintended.

Joe Biden

00:09:50 - 00:09:55 ()

Question

00:09:55 - 00:10:12 ()

Mr. President, you're touting on this visit your $1.75 trillion plan that includes climate, but your party is still not united behind it. Senator Joe Manchin yesterday called it "budget gimmicks," "shell games," and a "recipe for economic crisis." Today, he said he never signed off on the framework.

Question

00:10:12 - 00:10:21 ()

So, do you have a specific commitment from Senator Manchin to support your Build Back Better bill? Yes or no? And how do you respond to those criticisms?

Question

00:10:21 - 00:10:23 ()

And I have a quick follow-up.

Joe Biden

00:10:23 - 00:10:43 ()

Number one, I'm not going to talk about the specifics of my conversations. He will vote for this if we have in this proposal what he has anticipated, and that is looking at the fine print and the detail of what comes out of the House in terms of the actual legislative initiatives. I believe that Joe will be there.

Joe Biden

00:10:43 - 00:11:15 ()

With regard to the issue of whether or not he thinks that he's worried about this being inflationary or going to be a negative impact on the economy, I think that I've made it clear to Joe and will continue to -- we will -- that -- I apologize to repeat it, Peter, but 17 Nobel laureates in economics said it's going to lower inflation, raise wages, increase competition, create 2 million jobs a year, et cetera.

Joe Biden

00:11:15 - 00:11:29 ()

And so, I think that-- I understand that Joe is looking for the precise detail to make sure nothing got slipped in, in terms of the way in which the legislation got written, that is different than he acknowledged he would agree to.

Joe Biden

00:11:29 - 00:11:31 ()

But I think we'll get this done.

Question

00:11:31 - 00:11:47 ()

And then, a follow-up: You mentioned the word "inflation" there. You recently said you have no short-term answer to bring down gas prices. But, as you know, it's not just gas prices now. Rents are up. The cost of everyday items are up. Inflation in the U.S. is at a 13-year high.

Question

00:11:47 - 00:11:52 ()

So, when specifically should Americans expect those prices to come down?

Joe Biden

00:11:52 - 00:12:09 ()

Well, look, first of all, the significant reason why prices are up is because of COVID affecting the supply chain. I mean, I know you -- I'm not trying to be instructive; I know you know this. Number one.

Joe Biden

00:12:09 - 00:12:38 ()

Number two, if you take a look at, you know, gas prices and you take a look at oil prices, that is a consequence of, thus far, the refusal of Russia or the OPEC nations to pump more oil. And we'll see what happens on that score sooner than later.

Joe Biden

00:12:38 - 00:12:54 ()

Number three, I think if you take a look at what we're talking about -- you look to this coming Thanksgiving -- you know, we're in a situation where we find that we are in a very different circumstance.

Joe Biden

00:12:54 - 00:13:21 ()

Last Thanksgiving, you know, I -- as I said, this year, we're working on the supply chain issue. But last Thanksgiving, I sat down with my wife, my daughter, and my son-in-law. This Thanksgiving, we're all in a very different circumstance. Things are a hell of a lot better, and the wages have gone up higher -- faster than inflation. And we have generated real economic growth.

Joe Biden

00:13:21 - 00:13:52 ()

It doesn't mean these dislocations aren't real. They do affect people's lives. For example, one of the reasons why I decided to talk about the need to deal with the operation and the gouging that occurs in some of the pricing of beef and chicken and other things is that that's why I think I indi- --that's why I indicated to you we're going to look at whether or not there's a violation of antitrust laws and what they're doing.

Joe Biden

00:13:52 - 00:14:10 ()

So, there's a lot to look at. But the bottom line is that I think that -- and anyone who would prefer, as bad as things are in terms of prices helping -- hurting families now, trade this Thanksgiving for last Thanksgiving.

Question

00:14:10 - 00:14:12 ()

Thank you, sir.

Joe Biden

00:14:12 - 00:14:14 ()

Jen Epstein, Wall Street Journal.

Question

00:14:14 - 00:14:15 ()

Joe Biden

00:14:15 - 00:14:18 ()

I mean -- excuse me. I beg your pardon.

Question

00:14:18 - 00:14:19 ()

Bloomberg. [Laughs]

Joe Biden

00:14:19 - 00:14:20 ()

Question

00:14:20 - 00:14:20 ()

Joe Biden

00:14:20 - 00:14:22 ()

I got it. I got it.

Question

00:14:22 - 00:14:22 ()

Joe Biden

00:14:22 - 00:14:28 ()

And especially since my granddaughter works for you guys, in a different circumstance. So, I -- I got it. I'm in trouble.

Question

00:14:28 - 00:14:45 ()

Well, I'm going to ask a very Bloomberg question to begin, which is: Have you decided who you will nominate to chair the Federal Reserve Board? And if not, can you speak a little bit about what you're thinking about as you consider your choice for Fed chair and the other seats that are open?

Question

00:14:45 - 00:14:58 ()

This is the latest that a President has gone without nominating somebody the year before a nominee needs to be selected. And are you concerned about potentially having a short timeline, especially if you're not going to re-nominate Jay Powell?

Joe Biden

00:14:58 - 00:15:12 ()

No, no, and no. No, I'm not going to discuss it with you because that's in train now. We'll be making those announcements fairly quickly. It's been in train for some time, number one.

Joe Biden

00:15:12 - 00:15:29 ()

Number two, I also would indicate that I think we're going to have plenty of time to make sure all the major nominees are able to be cleared in time that -- where their terms would expire.

Joe Biden

00:15:29 - 00:15:42 ()

And number three, I've given a lot of thought to it, and I've been meeting with my economic advisors on what the best choices are, and we've got a lot of good choices. But I'm not going to speculate now.

Joe Biden

00:15:42 - 00:15:46 ()

Nancy, CBS. I think you had your hand up. I'm sorry. Did you?

Question

00:15:46 - 00:16:11 ()

Yep. Thank you very much, Mr. President. Some of the commitments you made here won't happen unless Congress passes future legislation. How do you convince Republicans and even some Democrats to get behind more spending if they look at this conference and say, "China isn't meeting these global goals. Russia doesn't intend to meet these global goals. India doesn't plan to. Why should we?"

Joe Biden

00:16:11 - 00:16:36 ()

Because we want to be able to breathe and we want to be able to lead the world. Look, I mean it sincerely: I think -- presumptuous of me to say, to talk for another leader -- but the fact that China, trying to assert, understandably, a new role in the world as a world leader -- not showing up? Come on.

Joe Biden

00:16:36 - 00:16:57 ()

The single-most important thing that's gotten the attention of the world is climate. Everywhere from Iceland, to -- to Australia, to -- you know, I mean, it just is a gigantic issue. And they've walked away. How do you do that and then claim to be able to have any leadership now?

Joe Biden

00:16:57 - 00:17:13 ()

The same with Putin and Russia. You know, his tundra is burning. He's in a circum- -- literally, the tundra is burning. He has serious, serious climate problems. And he is mum on the willingness to do anything.

Joe Biden

00:17:13 - 00:17:37 ()

And so, I genuinely believe -- and I mean this from the bottom of my heart: When I said at COP7 -- excuse me, at the G7 that America was back, you know, people wondered whether, "Well, is that really true?" Well, we're able to change the dynamic of a lot of things coming out of the G7.

Joe Biden

00:17:37 - 00:17:55 ()

I think -- I've -- this is going to -- what I'm about to say sounds awfully self-serving: Two world leaders came up to me today said, "Thank you for your leadership. You're making a big difference here. You're moving people." I think you and I talked about that, John, with one of the folks talking to us.

Joe Biden

00:17:55 - 00:18:43 ()

And so, I think the fact that America showed up -- America showed up and decided to lead and lay out clearly what it wished to do. For example, you know, as I said, the mere fact that we were able to, you know, go from 7 or 8 people -- or countries talking about -- or maybe it was as high as 14; I don't remember the original number -- to deal with the whole notion of methane. You know, now 100 nations have signed on -- 100 nations. A hundred nations have signed on to reduce methane by 30 percent by [DEL: 3030 :DEL] [2030]. That is -- and methane is 25 times more toxic to the environment than CO2. So, we're making real progress.

Joe Biden

00:18:43 - 00:18:49 ()

Or the deforestation issue, look what we're doing. Look we've been able to put together.

Joe Biden

00:18:49 - 00:19:29 ()

And in addition to that, one of the things that I feel the best about -- and I don't claim, uniquely -- any unique credit for it -- but I think that we've gotten, for the first time, a combination of -- in dealing with an international problem and a na- -- of that circumstances affect all nations -- that we've not only gotten countries off the sideline, in terms of making significant financial contributions, but literally -- literally trillions of dollars' worth of the private sector jumping in, knowing they've got to play and they're going to play an incredibly positive part in dealing with these problems. It's real. It's genuine.

Joe Biden

00:19:29 - 00:19:44 ()

And so, I -- I just think that -- you know that old bad expression: "The proof of the pudding is in the eating." You know, I feel confident we're going to get done what we have to done -- do at home in order to deliver.

Joe Biden

00:19:44 - 00:20:07 ()

And lastly, you know, if you take a look at what -- what economy is growing? The United States. It's growing. It has problems, mainly because of COVID and the supply chain, but it's growing. We've created over 6 million jobs. We're leading the world in terms of the fastest-growing economy -- major economies.

Joe Biden

00:20:07 - 00:20:24 ()

So, I think, you know, we're going through a difficult time in the world because of COVID, because of supply chain consequences, because of the environment and all that's occurred -- the way it's, in fact, imploded in the near term.

Joe Biden

00:20:24 - 00:20:42 ()

But I -- as I said to you earlier, and I really mean it: I think it presents a gigantic opportunity -- an opportunity to, in a sense, press the restart button and move in a direction that I think the vast majority of countries and --

Joe Biden

00:20:42 - 00:21:11 ()

Look, I'm sure you -- you interview other world leaders that are here. The vast majority think this is an opportunity. They're not quite sure exactly what to do or exactly how to do it -- not that I have all the answers; I'm not implying that -- but they know that -- they know that growth rests in dealing with the economy in a way that affects the whole notion of what we're going to do about climate change. And it's a gigantic opportunity.

Joe Biden

00:21:11 - 00:21:19 ()

Okay, I called on the Wall Street Journal, Catherine. I got the wrong one. Sorry. Let's try the real Wall Street Journal.

Question

00:21:19 - 00:21:23 ()

Thank you very much. We are the real Wall Street Journal.

Question

00:21:23 - 00:21:41 ()

Mr. President, you tweeted earlier asking Virginia and New Jersey residents to vote. Democrat Terry McAuliffe is struggling in a state that you won by 10 points. Do you see -- do you see his problems as a rebuke of your presidency? And could this signal your real losses for Democrats in the midterms?

Joe Biden

00:21:41 - 00:21:46 ()

We're going to win. I think we're going to win in Virginia.

Joe Biden

00:21:46 - 00:21:54 ()

And you know -- you're reporting it being close -- the race is very close. It's about who shows up, who turns out.

Joe Biden

00:21:54 - 00:22:19 ()

And granted, I did win by a large margin, but the point of the matter is that I think that this is -- this is going to be what we all knew from the beginning: This is going to be a tight race. And it is tight. And it's going to get down to turnout, and it's going to -- my guess is that I'm going to be landing at one o'clock in the morning, East Coast time. That's probably about the time we'll be hearing what the final results are. I think we're going to win New Jersey as well.

Joe Biden

00:22:19 - 00:22:38 ()

But, look, you know, the -- the off year is always unpredictable, especially when we don't have a general election going on at the same time. That's been the case up and down, you know, for a long time, especially as Virginia has turned more and more blue.

Joe Biden

00:22:38 - 00:22:55 ()

But having said that, I -- I don't believe -- and I've not seen any evidence that whether or not I am doing well or poorly, whether or not I've got my agenda passed or not is going to have any real impact on winning or losing.

Joe Biden

00:22:55 - 00:23:22 ()

Even if we had passed my agenda, I wouldn't claim, "We won because Biden's agenda passed." So -- but I think it's a -- I think it's going to be very close. I think it's going to get down to, as you all know, turnout. And I think that, based on what I have heard so far, it's awful hard for me to be prognosticating, which I don't like doing as President anyway, from overseas.

Joe Biden

00:23:22 - 00:23:38 ()

But I think -- I hope that every eligible voter in Virginia and New Jersey shows up and votes. And the more of them that do, the better off I think our chances are. And I think -- I think we're going -- I think we're going to win. Okay?

Joe Biden

00:23:38 - 00:23:45 ()

All right. NPR, Scott.

Question

00:23:45 - 00:23:57 ()

You mentioned climate activists before, and I want to ask something about them. You're touting agreements. Other world leaders have touted agreements. But the atmosphere around the conference here is skeptical, and it's pretty angry.

Question

00:23:57 - 00:24:07 ()

Climate activists feel like decades and decades of COPs have led to broken promises. And they feel like even if all of these goals are reached that you're talking about in the last few days, it's just not enough right now.

Question

00:24:07 - 00:24:28 ()

And I'm wondering what you would say to the people outside who are really angry at this conference, especially at this moment where Joe Manchin has expressed -- you know, has created more doubt that your climate legislation will pass. And you've got a very conservative Supreme Court about to take a look at whether your EPA can regulate greenhouse gas emissions. What's your message to people outside who just worry this all isn't enough right now, given the crisis?

Joe Biden

00:24:28 - 00:24:43 ()

Well, first of all, I think anyone who is focused on the environment should be worried. We got a lot more to do beyond what we've done. We've done more than we've ever done, though; that's the point. And more has to be done.

Joe Biden

00:24:43 - 00:24:58 ()

And I don't find -- I didn't have a single member of the --this conference come up to me and say, "Are you going to pass what you have? And what do you think is -- how is that going to affect it? And what are you going to do?"

Joe Biden

00:24:58 - 00:25:10 ()

What they're looking at is what, in fact, has happened in terms of everything from dealing with deforestation to what we're going to do on Build Back Better and how we've been able to focus now.

Joe Biden

00:25:10 - 00:25:30 ()

I mean, when is the last time you heard world leaders sit down together and agree that what they're going to do is, when they deal with the needs of the infrastructure of other countries, that they're going to focus, first and foremost, on whether or not what the fi- -- what the climatic -- what the climate impact is on that?

Joe Biden

00:25:30 - 00:25:55 ()

So, I think -- look, this is a -- there -- there's a reason for people to be worried. I'm worried. I'm worried if we don't continue to move forward and make the kind of progress we're now making, that it's going to -- I mean, we -- we throw into jeopardy the prospect that we're going to be able to keep the temperature from rising above 1.5 degrees Celsius.

Joe Biden

00:25:55 - 00:26:17 ()

But I'm optimistic because I think there's a -- how can I say it? I guess maybe the best way to say it to you, Scott, is: What I feel is that the populations of each of our countries have a different perspective than they did at COP25.

Joe Biden

00:26:17 - 00:26:31 ()

I think there is -- I mean, not because of necessarily any of the leaders of any of our countries, including mine -- that all of a sudden, people are seeing these things happening they never thought would happen.

Joe Biden

00:26:31 - 00:26:53 ()

They're seeing people drown in their basements in Queens, New York, because of flooding and rain. They're seeing that, you know, more territory burned down in the United States, just since the first of the year, than makes up the entire landmass of the state of New Jersey. They've seen a hurricane with a hundred -- top winds of 178 miles an hour.

Joe Biden

00:26:53 - 00:27:05 ()

I mean -- so, they're looking at these things. They're seeing more -- the water is warming. They're seeing a whole range of things occurring around the world that haven't happened. And it's, sort of, like, "Whoa. Whoa."

Joe Biden

00:27:05 - 00:27:45 ()

Because I don't get what I used to get when I started -- I don't -- there's no reason why anyone would remember this, but back when a fine Republican, a guy named Dick Lugar, was -- from the state of Indiana -- and he and I were either the chairmen or ranking members of the Foreign Relations Committee. This was over 20 years ago. We ended up proposing -- and it worked, but it got no enthusiasm -- a thing for debt-for-nature swaps. And people looked at us like, "What in the hell are you doing? Why are you forgiving the debt so Brazil won't, you know, burn down more of their forest?" Or, "Why are you doing that so they will do... "

Joe Biden

00:27:45 - 00:27:52 ()

Now everybody goes, "Whoa. What else can you do? What else can you do?"

Joe Biden

00:27:52 - 00:28:16 ()

So, I think there's a whole different attitude that's out there. And I think this is being led -- and I'm not being solicitous here -- I think this is being led by, you know, my granddaughters and their friends -- that generation. I think they're out there going "whoa," and they're having a profound impact -- having a profound impact on their parents and their grandparents about what's happening.

Joe Biden

00:28:16 - 00:28:25 ()

And then all these climactic and -- climatic things have happened that they -- that people are now paying attention like they never did before.

Joe Biden

00:28:25 - 00:28:36 ()

So, you know, there's a lot more to do. And it's going to determine whether or not we are going to be able to fund what we're talking about.

Joe Biden

00:28:36 - 00:28:54 ()

But, for example, even if the funding didn't come from some of the governments, you have the private sector now engaged, where they're talking about investing -- literally, the need to invest over trillions of dollars off the sidelines. It's bankers that are now deciding they got to --

Joe Biden

00:28:54 - 00:29:02 ()

I talked, a long time ago, with you all about -- that you have major corporate America pricing in the price of carbon. It matters.

Joe Biden

00:29:02 - 00:29:09 ()

So, things are changing. We just have to have the right stewardship and enough sense as world leaders to get it right.

Joe Biden

00:29:09 - 00:29:19 ()

So, thank you all so very much. Appreciate it.